MAGNIFICENT 8\" Tibet Tibetan Carved Buddhist Conch Shell Trumpet Lord Hanuman For Sale -

MAGNIFICENT! Tibet Tibetan Carved Buddhist Conch Shell Trumpet

Lord Hanuman Design

100% Hand Carved

This is a truly magnificent antique handmade Tibetan Buddhist conch shell trumpet with a beautifully hand carved image of Lord Hanuman (I have include more info about Lord Hanuman below). The Conch Shell has special significance in Buddhist belief. Conch shell horns like this are used by Buddhist Monks in Tibet during religious ceremonies and festivals. This is an authentic Buddhist Conch Shell horn that wasactuallyused. Back in 2007 I was fortunate enough to take a train tripfrom Beijing to Lhasa where I purchased several of these pieces.Don\'t let this unique opportunity pass you by... Buy It Now!

Size: Approx 8 inches X 4 inches X 4 inches (Can be seen on photos above).

Materials: conch shell

Age: Unknown

Thanks for your time and consideration... Dobuydon

SHIPPING (PLEASE READ)

I will ship your item via InternationalRegistered Air Mail as soon as payment is received. Registered Mail is the mostreliable and secure method of shipping and guarantees that your item willarrive. I have never lost any registered mail shipments. Normal shipping timeto most locations is 10-14 business days. Sometimes it can take longer… pleasebe patient. Onceyour shipment arrives, a signaturewill be required. If no one is available to sign for the shipment the postoffice should leave a notice and you may have to go pick up your item.

Expedited shipping viaInternational Express Mail Service (EMS) is available for an extra charge.Normal shipping time to most locations via EMS is 5 working days. Please emailme for a price quote if you desire express shipping.

Please remember to check customsregulations before importing items that may be restricted in your country.

PROBLEMS–If you haveany problems I ask that you please email me so that we can resolve any issuesbetween ourselves.

ONCE YOU RECEIVE YOURSHIPMENT-Iask that you please email and let me know that you have received the shipmentas soon as possible. If you are happy with the item and with the service that Ihave provided, I ask that you please leave POSITIVE response. I strive toprovide 5 STAR products and services...Thanks again for your support….Dobuydon.

Conch Shell in Buddhism

Theconch shell(Sanskritshankha; Tibetandung dkar) has survived as the original horntrumpetsince time immemorial. Ancient Indian epics describe how each hero of mythical warfare carried a mighty white conch shell, which often bore a personal name.

Left-turning and right-turning conch shells.
Ritual conch shell with inscribed mantras.

It is one of the main emblems ofVishnu, and his conch bearsthe nameof Panchajanya, meaning \'having control over the five classes of beings.\'

Arjuna\'s (hero of theMahabharata) mighty conch was known as Devadatta, whose triumphant blast brought terror to the enemy. As a proclaiming battle horn, the conch is akin to the bugle. It is an emblem of power, authority and sovereignty whose blast is believed to banish evil spirits, avertnatural disasters, and scare away poisonous creatures.

Today, in its greatly tamed avatar, the conch is used inTibetan Buddhismto call together religious assemblies. During the actual practise of rituals, it is used both as a musical instrument and as a container for holy water.

Ancient Indian belief classifies the conch into male and femalevarieties. The thicker-shelled bulbous one is thought to be the male (purusha), and the thin-shelled slender conch to be the female (shankhini).

The fourfold caste division is also applied as follows:

1. The smooth white conch represents the Brahmin caste (priests)
2. The red conch, thekshatriyas(warriors)
3. The yellow conch, thevaishyas(merchants)
4. The grey conch, theshudras(labourers)

Additionally, there is a fundamental classification of conch shells occurring in nature: those that turn to the left and those which turn to the right. Shells whichspiral to the rightin a clockwise direction are a rarity and are considered especially sacred. The right-spiralling movement of such a conch is believed to echo the celestial motion of the sun, moon, planets and stars across the heavens. The hair whorls on Buddha\'s head spiral to the right, as do his fine body hairs, the long curl between his eyebrows (urna), and also the conch-like swirl of his navel.

Vajrayana Buddhism absorbed the conch as a symbol which fearlessly proclaimed the truth of the dharma. Among the eight symbols, it stands forthe fameof the Buddha\'s teaching, which spreads in alldirectionslike the sound of the conchtrumpet.

Inadditionto Buddha\'sthroat, the conch also appears as an auspicious mark on the soles, palms, limbs, breast or forehead of a divinely endowed being.

HanumanFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThis article is about the divine entity in Hinduism. For other uses, seeHanuman (disambiguation).\"Bajrangbali\" redirects here. For the film, seeBajrangbali (film).\"Anjaneya\" redirects here. For the 2003 film, seeAnjaneya (film).Hanuman
Raja Ravi Varma\'s lithograph of Hanuman fetching the ofRamaAbodeEarthMantraRama\'s NameWeaponGada(mace)

Hanuman(IPA: hʌnʊˈmɑn) is aHindudeity, who was an ardent devotee ofRamaaccording to theHindu legends. He is a central character in theIndian epicRamayanaand itsvarious versions. He also finds mentions in several other texts, includingMahabharata, the variousPuranasand someJaintexts. Avanara(ape-likehumanoid), Hanuman participated in Rama\'s war against the demon kingRavana. Several texts also present him as an incarnation of LordShiva. He is also considered the son ofVayu, who according to several mythological stories, played a role in his birth.

Contents[hide]

• 1Etymology and other names
  • 1.1Epithets and attributes
• 2Historical development
• 3Birth and childhood
  • 3.1Birth place
  • 3.2Childhood
• 4Adventures in Ramayana
  • 4.1Meeting with Rama
  • 4.2Locating Sita
  • 4.3Shapeshifting
  • 4.4Lifting a mountain
  • 4.5Patala incident
  • 4.6Honours
  • 4.7Hanuman Ramayana
  • 4.8After the Ramayana war
• 5Mahabharata
• 6Other texts
• 7Prophecy and legacy
• 8Temples
• 9Worship
  • 9.1Panchamukha Hanuman
  • 9.2Relation with Shani
  • 9.3Hanuman and negative energies
• 10See also
• 11Notes
• 12References
• 13Further reading
• 14External links

Etymology and other names[edit]Indonesian Balinese wooden statue of Hanuman

The Sanskrit texts mention several legends about how Hanuman got his name. One legend is thatIndra, the king of thedeities, struck Hanuman\'s jaw during his childhood (see below). The child received his name from the Sanskrit wordsHanu(\"jaw\") and-man(or-mant, \"prominent\" or \"disfigured\"). The name thus means \"one with prominent or disfigured jaw\".[1]Another theory says the name derives from the Sanskrit wordsHan(\"killed\" or \"destroyed\") andmaana(pride); the name implies \"one whose pride was destroyed\".[1]Some Jain texts mention that Hanuman spent his childhood on an island calledHanuruha, which is the origin of his name.[2]

According to one theory, the name \"Hanuman\" derives from theproto-Dravidianword for male monkey (ana-mandi), which was later Sanskritized to \"Hanuman\" (seehistorical developmentbelow). Linguistic variations of \"Hanuman\" includeHanumat, Anuman (Tamil), Anoman (Indonesian), Andoman (Malay) and Hunlaman (Lao). Other names of Hanuman include:

• Anjaneyar, used widely by rural Tamilians.
• Kesari Nandan(\"son ofKesari\")
• Maruti(\"son of Marut\") orPavanputra(\"son of Pavan\"); these names derive from the various names ofVayu, the deity who carried Hanuman to Anjana\'s womb

Bajrang Bali, \"the strong one (bali), who has limbs (anga) as hard as avajra(bajra)\"; this name is widely used in rural North India.[1]Bajrang Balialso implies \"the strong one (bali), who is orange (Baj) or saffron colored
• Sang Kera Pemuja Dewa Rama, Hanuman, theIndonesianfor \"The mighty devotee ape of Rama, Hanuman\"

Epithets and attributes[edit]

In addition, Hanuman has received several epithets, including:

Manojavam, the one who is swift as mind (appears inRama Raksha Stotra)
• Maarutatulyavegam, the one who has a speed equal to the wind God (appears inRama Raksha Stotra)
• Jitendriyam, the one who has complete control on his senses (appears inRama Raksha Stotra)
• Buddhimataamvarishtham, the one who is most senior among intellectuals (appears inRama Raksha Stotra)
• Vaataatmajam, the one who is the son of wind God (appears inRama Raksha Stotra)
• Vaanarayoothamukhyam, the one who is the chief ofvanaraarmy (appears inRama Raksha Stotra). Similar in meaning to -Vaanaraanaamadheesham.
• Shreeraamdootam, the one who is the messenger ofRama(appears inRama Raksha Stotra).
• Atulit Bal Dhaamam, the one who is the repository of incomparable strength.
• Hemshailaabh Deham, the one whose body resembles a golden mountain.
• Danujvan Krushanum, the one who is the destroyer of forces of demons.
• Gyaaninaam Agraganyam, the one who is considered foremost among knowledgeable beings.
• Sakal Gun Nidhaanam, the one who is the repository of all the virtues and good qualities.
• Raghupati Priya Bhaktam, the one who is the dearest of all devotees to LordRama.
• Sankat Mochan, the one who liberates (moca) from dangers (sankata)[1]

In the 3rd chapter of Kishkindha Kaanda ofValmiki Ramayana,[3]Ramadescribes many attributes of Hanuman\'s personality. Summarized as follows:

Ablest sentence maker.
• Knower of all Vedas and Scriptures.
• Scholar in nine schools of grammars.
• Possessing faultless speech and facial features

Historical development[edit]

The word \"Vrsakapi\" or \"Vrishakapi\", later used as an epithet for Hanuman, is mentioned inRigveda(X:96). Some writers, such as Nilakantha (author ofMantra Ramayana) believe that the Vrishakapi of Rigveda alludes to Hanuman. However, other scholars believe that Hanuman is not mentioned in theVedic mythology: the \"Vrsakapi\" of Rigveda refers to another deity[4]or is a common name for the monkeys.[5]

F.E. Pargiter (1852-1927) theorized that Hanuman was aproto-Dravidiandeity, and the name \"Hanuman\" was a Sanskritization of theOld TamilwordAan-mandhi(\"male monkey\"). The Hindi writer Ray Govindchandra (1976) endorsed this view, and stated that theproto-Indo-Aryansmust have invented a Sanskrit etymology for the deity\'s name, after they accepted Hanuman in theirpantheon.[6]Murray Emeneaudisagrees with this theory, and states that the wordmandi, as attested inSangam literature, can refer only to a female monkey, and therefore, the wordana-mandimakes no semantic sense.[6]Camille Bulcke, in hisRamkatha: Utpatti Aur Vikas(\"The tale of Rama: its origin and development\"), traces the origins of Hanuman worship to the pre-Aryan, pre-Dravidianaboriginal tribesof Central India.[4]According to him, Valmiki\'s Ramayana was based on older tribal ballads.

Hanuman came to be regarded as anavatar(incarnation) of Shiva by the 10th century CE (this development possibly started as early as in the 8th century CE).[4]Hanuman is mentioned as an avatar of Shiva or Rudra in the Sanskrit texts likeMahabhagvata Purana,Skanda Purana,Brhaddharma PuranaandMahanatakaamong others. This development might have been a result of theShaviteattempts to insert theirishta devata(cherished deity) in theVaishnavitetexts, which were gaining popularity.[4]The 17th centuryOriyaworkRasavinodaby Divakrsnadasa goes on to mention that thethree gods– Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva – combined to the take the form of Hanuman.[7]

Hanuman became more important in the medieval period, and came to be portrayed as the ideal devotee (bhakta) of Rama. His characterization as a lifelongbrahmachari(celibate) was another important development during this period.[4]The belief that Hanuman\'s celibacy is the source of his strength became popular among the wrestlers in India.[8]The celibacy orbrahmacharyaaspect of Hanuman although not mentioned, but is implied in the original Ramayana.[9]E.g. while searching for Sita in Lanka, he ponders briefly on whether he has committed a sin by looking at other women in Lanka. This implies that he is applying the test of a brahmachari[10]as given in scriptures. Hanuman is considered to be a special kind of brahmachari: \"Prajapatya brahmachari\" because of his marriage to daughter of the Sun god, Suvarchala. At the time of marriage, Hanuman was convinced by the Sun god, that his celibacy will not be disturbed due to this marriage, because of his (the Sun god\'s) boon, and the marriage is for bearing Suvarchala, who is unbearable by the world, for the good of the world.[11][12][13][14]The Valmiki Ramayana mentions thatBharatapresented Hanuman with 16 maidens as a reward: \"O respledent, whoever you are, human or god, for bringing this good news to me, I present to you 100,000 cows, 100 villages and 16 fair girls born in respectable houses, and decorated with precious ornaments\".[15]But, as is clear from Bharata\'s address to Hanuman, Bharata didn\'t know who Hanuman is, and thus couldn\'t have known about his celibacy.

Birth and childhood[edit]Murtiof Hanuman and his motherAnjana, at the Anjani Mata temple,Chomu.

Hanuman was born to the humanoid creatures called thevanaras. His motherAnjanawas anapsarawho was born onearthas a female vanara due to a curse. She would be redeemed from this curse on her giving birth to a son. TheValmikiRamayana states that his fatherKesariwas the son ofBrihaspatiand that Kesari also fought on Rama\'s side in the war againstRavana.[16]Anjana and Kesari performed intense prayers toShivato get a child. Pleased with their devotion, Shiva granted them the boon they sought.[17]Hanuman, in another interpretation, is the incarnation or reflection of Shiva himself.

Hanuman is often called the son of the deityVayu; several different traditions account for the Vayu\'s role in Hanuman\'s birth. One story mentioned inEknath\'sBhavartha Ramayana(16th century CE) states that when Anjana was worshiping Shiva, the KingDasharathaofAyodhyawas also performing the ritual ofPutrakamayagnain order to have children. As a result, he received some sacred pudding (payasam) to be shared by his three wives, leading to the births ofRama,Lakshmana,Bharata, andShatrughna. By divine ordinance, a kite snatched a fragment of that pudding and dropped it while flying over the forest where Anjana was engaged in worship.Vayu, theHindudeity of the wind, delivered the falling pudding to the outstretched hands of Anjana, who consumed it. Hanuman was born to her as a result.[16][18]Another tradition says that Anjana and her husband Kesari prayed Shiva for a child. By Shiva\'s direction, Vayu transferred his male energy to Anjana\'s womb. Accordingly, Hanuman is identified as the son of the Vayu.

Another story of Hanuman\'s origins is derived from theVishnu PuranaandNaradeya Purana.Narada, infatuated with a princess, went to his lordVishnu, to make him look like Vishnu, so that the princess would garland him atswayamvara(husband-chosing ceremony). He asked forhari mukh(Hari is another name of Vishnu, andmukhmeans face). Vishnu instead bestowed him with the face of a vanara. Unaware of this, Narada went to the princess, who burst into laughter at the sight of his ape-like face before all the king\'s court. Narada, unable to bear the humiliation, cursed Vishnu, that Vishnu would one day be dependent upon avanara. Vishnu replied that what he had done was for Narada\'s own good, as he would have undermined his own powers if he were to enter matrimony. Vishnu also noted thatHarihas the dual Sanskrit meaning ofvanara. Upon hearing this, Narada repented for cursing his idol. But Vishnu told him not repent as the curse would act as a boon, for it would lead to the birth of Hanuman, an avatar of Shiva, without whose help Rama (Vishnu\'s avatar) could not kill Ravana.

Birth place[edit]

Multiple places in India are claimed as the birthplace of Hanuman.

According to one theory, Hanuman was born on \'Anjaneya Hill\', inHampi,Karnataka.[19]This is located near the Risyamukha mountain on the banks of the Pampa, where Sugreeva andRamaare said to have met in Valmiki Ramayana\'s Kishkinda Kanda. There is a temple that marks the spot.
• It is also said thatKaithal,Haryanais the birthplace of Lord Hanumana and there is a temple constructed at that place known as \"Anjani Tila\" among the residents of Kaithal.
• Anjan, a small village about 18km away fromGumla, houses \"Anjan Dham\", which is said to be the birthplace of Hanuman.[20]The name of the village is derived from the name of the goddess Anjani, the mother of Hanuman. Aanjani Guha (cave), 4km from the village, is believed to be the place where Anjani once lived. Many objects of archaeological importance obtained from this site are now held at thePatna Museum.
• The Anjaneri (or Anjneri) mountain, located 7km fromTrimbakeshwarin theNasik district, is also claimed as the birthplace of Hanuman.[21]
• According to Anjan Dham, Hanuman was born on Lakshka Hill nearSujangarhinChuru district,Rajasthan.[22]
• A cave in a hill nearGokarna, one of the oldest temple towns of India, is also said to be the birthplace of Hanuman. This cave has had a Hanuman temple for a long time. Gokarna, situated in west coast of Karnataka, is known for Atma Linga of Shiva, installed by Ganapathi to save it from the hands of Ravana long before Ramayana days.

Childhood[edit]Hanuman Mistakes the Sun for a FruitbyBSP Pratinidhi

As a child, believing thesunto be a ripemango, Hanuman pursued it in order to eat it.Rahu, a Vedic planet corresponding to an eclipse, was at that time seeking out the sun as well, and he clashed with Hanuman. Hanuman thrashed Rahu and went to take sun in his abode.[23]Rahu approachedIndra, king ofdevas, and complained that a monkey child stopped him from taking on Sun, preventing the scheduled eclipse. This enraged Indra, who responded by throwing theVajra(thunderbolt) at Hanuman, which struck his jaw. He fell back down to the earth and became unconscious. A permanent mark was left on his chin (हनुःhanuḥ\"jaw\" inSanskrit), due to impact ofVajra, explaining his name.[16][24]Upset over the attack, Hanuman\'s father figure Vayu deva (the deity of air) went into seclusion, withdrawing air along with. As living beings began to asphyxiate, Indra withdrew the effect of his thunderbolt. The devas then revived Hanuman and blessed him with multiple boons to appease Vayu.[16]

Brahmagave Hanuman a boon that would protect him from the irrevocable Brahma\'s curse. Brahma also said: \"Nobody will be able to kill you with any weapon in war.\" From Brahma he obtained the power of inducing fear in enemies, of destroying fear in friends, to be able to change his form at will and to be able to easily travel wherever he wished. FromShivahe obtained the boons of longevity, scriptural wisdom and ability to cross the ocean. Shiva assured safety of Hanuman with a band that would protect him for life. Indra blessed him that the Vajra weapon will no longer be effective on him and his body would become stronger than Vajra.Varunablessed baby Hanuman with a boon that he would always be protected from water.Agniblessed him with immunity to burning by fire.Suryagave him twosiddhisof yoga namely \"laghima\" and \"garima\", to be able to attain the smallest or to attain the biggest form.Yama, the God of Death blessed him healthy life and free from his weapondanda, thus death would not come to him.Kuberashowered his blessings declaring that Hanuman would always remain happy and contented.Vishwakarmablessed him that Hanuman would be protected from all his creations in the form of objects or weapons.Vayualso blessed him with more speed than he himself had.Kamadevaalso blessed him that the sex will not be effective on him.So his name is alsoBala Bramhachari.[citation needed]

On ascertainingSuryato be an all-knowing teacher, Hanuman raised his body into an orbit around the sun and requested to Surya to accept him as a student.Suryarefused and explained claiming that he always had to be on the move in his chariot, it would be impossible for Hanuman to learn well. Undeterred, Hanuman enlarged his form, with one leg on the eastern ranges and the other on the western ranges, and facingSuryaagain pleaded. Pleased by his persistence, Surya agreed. Hanuman then learned all of the latter\'s knowledge. When Hanuman then requested Surya to quote his \"guru-dakshina\" (teacher\'s fee), the latter refused, saying that the pleasure of teaching one as dedicated as him was the fee in itself. Hanuman insisted, whereupon Surya asked him to help his (Surya\'s) spiritual sonSugriva. Hanuman\'s choice of Surya as his teacher is said to signify Surya as aKarma Saakshi, an eternal witness of all deeds. Hanuman later becameSugriva\'s minister.[16][25]

Hanuman was mischievous in his childhood, and sometimes teased the meditating sages in the forests by snatching their personal belongings and by disturbing their well-arranged articles of worship. Finding his antics unbearable, but realizing that Hanuman was but a child, (albeit invincible), the sages placed a mild curse on him by which he became unable to remember his own ability unless reminded by another person. The curse is highlighted inKishkindha KandaandSundara Kanda, whenJambavanthareminds Hanuman of his abilities and encourages him to go and find Sita.[16]

Adventures in Ramayana[edit]

TheSundara Kanda, the fifth book in the Ramayana, focuses on the adventures of Hanuman.

Meeting with Rama[edit]Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa meeting Hanumān at Rishyamukha

Hanuman meetsRamaduring the Rama\'s 14-year exile.[26]With his brotherLakshmana, Rama is searching for his wifeSitawho had been abducted byRavana. Their search brings them to the vicinity of the mountain Rishyamukha, whereSugriva, along with his followers and friends, are in hiding from his older brotherVali.

Having seen Rama and Lakshmana, Sugriva sends Hanuman to ascertain their identities. Hanuman approaches the two brothers in the guise of abrahmin. His first words to them are such that Rama says to Lakshmana that none could speak the way the brahmin did unless he or she had mastered theVedas. He notes that there is no defect in the brahmin\'s countenance, eyes, forehead, brows, or any limb. He points out to Lakshmana that his accent is captivating, adding that even an enemy with sword drawn would be moved. He praises the disguised Hanuman further, saying that sure success awaited the king whose emissaries were as accomplished as he was.[26]

When Rama introduces himself, the brahman identitifies himself as Hanuman and falls prostrate before Rama, who embraces him warmly. Thereafter, Hanuman\'s life becomes interwoven with that of Rama. Hanuman then brings about friendship and alliance between Rama and Sugriva; Rama helps Sugriva regain his honour and makes him king of Kishkindha. Sugriva and his vanaras, most notably Hanuman, help Rama defeat Raavana and reunite with Sita.

In their search for Sita, a group of Vanaras reaches the southern seashore. Upon encountering the vast ocean, every vanara begins to lament his inability to jump across the water. Hanuman too is saddened at the possible failure of his mission, until the other vanaras and the wise bearJambavanthabegin to extol his virtues. Hanuman then recollects his own powers, enlarges his body, and flies across the ocean. On his way, he encounters a mountain that rises from the sea, proclaims that it owed his father a debt, and asks him to rest a while before proceeding. Not wanting to waste any time, Hanuman thanks the mountain and carries on. He then encounters a sea-monster, Surasa, who challenges him to enter her mouth. When Hanuman outwits her, she admits that her challenge was merely a test of his courage. After killing Simhika, arakshasa, he reachesLanka.

Locating Sita[edit]Hanuman finds Sita in the ashoka grove, and shows her Rama\'s ring

Hanuman reaches Lanka and marvels at its beauty. After he finds Sita in captivity in a garden, Hanuman reveals his identity to her, reassures her that Rama has been looking for her, and uplifts her spirits. He offers to carry her back to Rama, but she refuses his offer, saying it would be an insult to Rama as his honour is at stake. After meeting Sita, Hanuman begins to wreak havoc, gradually destroying the palaces and properties of Lanka. He kills many rakshasas, including Jambumali and Aksha Kumar. To subdue him, Ravana\'s sonIndrajituses theBrahmastra. Though immune to the effects of this weapon Hanuman, out of respect toBrahma, allows himself be bound. Deciding to use the opportunity to meet Ravana, and to assess the strength of Ravana\'s hordes, Hanuman allows the rakshasa warriors to parade him through the streets. He conveys Rama\'s message of warning and demands the safe return of Sita. He also informs Ravana that Rama would be willing to forgive him if he returns Sita honourably.

Enraged, Ravana orders Hanuman\'s execution, whereupon Ravana\'s brotherVibhishanaintervenes, pointing out that it is against the rules of engagement to kill a messenger. Ravana then orders Hanuman\'s tail be lit afire. As Ravana\'s forces attempted to wrap cloth around his tail, Hanuman begins to lengthen it. After frustrating them for a while, he allows it to burn, then escapes from his captors, and with his tail on fire he burns down large parts of Lanka. After extinguishing his flaming tail in the sea, he returns to Rama.

Shapeshifting[edit]

In theRamayanaHanuman changes shape several times. For example, while he searches for the kidnapped Sita in Ravana\'s palaces on Lanka, he contracts himself to the size of a cat, so that he will not be detected by the enemy. Later on, he takes on the size of a mountain, blazing with radiance, to show his true power to Sita.[27]

Also he enlarges & immediately afterwards contracts his body to out-wit Sirsa, the she-demon, who blocked his path while crossing the sea to reach Lanka. Again, he turns his body microscopically small to enter Lanka before killing Lankini, the she-demon guarding the gates of Lanka.

He achieved this shape-shifting by the powers of twosiddhis;AnimaandGarimabestowed upon him in his childhood by Sun-God,Surya.

Lifting a mountain[edit]Hanuman fetches the herb-bearing mountain, in a print from the Ravi Varma Press, 1910s

When Lakshmana is severely wounded during the battle against Ravana, Hanuman is sent to fetch theSanjivani, a powerful life-restoring herb, fromDronagiri mountainin theHimalayas, to revive him. Ravana realises that if Lakshmana dies, a distraught Rama would probably give up, and so he dispatches the sorcerer Kalanemi to intercept Hanuman.[28]Kalanemi, in the guise of a sage, deceives Hanuman, but Hanuman uncovers his plot with the help of anapsara, whom he rescues from her accursed state as a crocodile.[28]

Ravana, upon learning that Kalanemi has been slain by Hanuman, summonsSuryato rise before its appointed time because thephysicianSushenahad said that Lakshmana would perish if untreated by daybreak. Hanuman realizes the danger, however, and, becoming many times his normal size, detains the Sun God to prevent the break of day. He then resumes his search for the precious herb, but, when he finds himself unable to identify which herb it is, he lifts the entire mountain and delivers it to the battlefield in Lanka. Sushena then identifies and administers the herb, andLakshmanais saved. Rama embraces Hanuman, declaring him as dear to him as his own brother. Hanuman releases Surya from his grip, and asks forgiveness, as the Sun was also hisGuru.

Hanuman was also called \"langra veer\";langrainHindimeans limping andveermeans \"brave\". The story behind Hanuman being calledlangrais as follows. He was injured when he was crossing the Ayodhya with the mountain in his hands. As he was crossing over Ayodhya,Bharat, Rama\'s young brother, saw him and assumed that someRakshasawas taking this mountain to attack Ayodhya. Bharat then shot Hanuman with an arrow, which was engraved with Rama\'s name. Hanuman did not stop this arrow as it hadRama\'s name written on it, and it injured his leg. Hanuman landed and explained to Bharat that he was moving the mountain to save his own brother,Lakshmana.Bharat, very sorry, offered to fire an arrow to Lanka, which Hanuman could ride in order to reach his destination more easily. But Hanuman declined the offer, preferring to fly on his own, and he continued his journey with his injured leg.

Patala incident[edit]Panchamukha 1-Varaha (Vishnu+wild boar), 2-Garud (Vishnu\'s vahan), 3-Hanuman (Shiv), 4-Narasimha (Vishnu+lion), 5-Hayagriva (Vishnu+horse)

In another incident during the war, Rama and Lakshmana are captured by the rakshasa Mahiravana (orAhiravan), brother of Ravana, who held them captive in their palace inPatala(or Patalpuri)--the netherworld. Mahiravana keeps them as offerings to his deity. Searching for them, Hanuman reaches Patala, the gates of which are guarded by a young creature calledMakardhwaja(known also as Makar-Dhwaja or Magar Dhwaja), who is part reptile and part Vanara.

The story of Makardhwaja\'s birth is said to be that when Hanuman extinguished his burning tail in the ocean, a drop of his sweat fell into the waters, eventually becoming Makardhwaja, who perceives Hanuman as his father. When Hanuman introduces himself to Makardhwaja, the latter asks his blessings, but fights him to fulfill the task of guarding the gate. Hanuman defeats and imprisons him to gain entry.

Upon entering Patala, Hanuman discovers that to kill Mahiravana, he must simultaneously extinguish five lamps burning in different directions. Hanuman assumes thePanchamukhaor five-faced form of SriVarahafacing north, SriNarasimhafacing south, SriGarudafacing west, SriHayagrivafacing the sky and his own facing the east, and blows out the lamps. Hanuman then rescues Rama and Lakshmana. Afterwards, Rama asks Hanuman to crown Makardhwaja king of Patala. Hanuman then instructs Makardhwaja to rule Patala with justice and wisdom.

To date Chandraloak Devpuri mandir is located at Dugana a small village 17km from Laharpur,Sitapur district,Uttar Pradesh. A divine place where Chakleswar Mahadev situated.

Honours[edit]Hanuman showing Rama in His heart

Shortly after he is crowned Emperor upon his return toAyodhya, Rama decides to ceremoniously reward all his well-wishers. At a grand ceremony in his court, all his friends and allies take turns being honoured at the throne. Hanuman approaches without desiring a reward. Seeing Hanuman come up to him, an emotionally overwhelmed Rama embraces him warmly, declaring that he could never adequately honour or repay Hanuman for the help and services he received from the noble Vanara. Sita, however, insists that Hanuman deserved honour more than anyone else, and Sita gives him a necklace of precious stones adorning her neck.

When he receives it, Hanuman immediately takes it apart, and peers into each stone. Taken aback, many of those present demand to know why he is destroying the precious gift. Hanuman answers that he was looking into the stones to make sure that Rama and Sita are in them, because if they are not, the necklace is of no value to him. At this, a few mock Hanuman, saying his reverence and love for Rama and Sita could not possibly be as deep as he implies. In response, Hanuman tears his chest open, and everyone is stunned to see Rama and Sita literally in his heart.

Hanuman Ramayana[edit]Hanuman beheads Trisiras-from The Freer Ramayana

After the victory of Rama overRavana, Hanuman went to the Himalayas to continue his worship of the Lord. There he scripted a version of the Ramayana on the Himalayan mountains using his nails, recording every detail of Rama\'s deeds. When MaharishiValmikivisited him to show him his own version of the Ramayana, he saw Hanuman\'s version and became very disappointed.

When Hanuman asked Valmiki the cause of his sorrow, the sage said that his version, which he had created very laboriously, was no match for the splendour of Hanuman\'s, and would therefore go ignored. At this, Hanuman discarded his own version, which is called theHanumad Ramayana. Maharishi Valmiki was so taken aback that he said he would take another birth to sing the glory of Hanuman which he had understated in his version.

Later, one tablet is said to have floated ashore during the period of MahakaviKalidasa, and hung at a public place to be deciphered by scholars. Kalidasa is said to have deciphered it and recognised that it was from the Hanumad Ramayana recorded by Hanuman in an extinct script, and considered himself very fortunate to see at least onepadaof the stanza.

After the Ramayana war[edit]

After the war, and after reigning for several years, the time arrived for Rama to depart to his supreme abodeVaikuntha. Many of Rama\'s entourage, including Sugriva, decided to depart with him. Hanuman, however, requested from Rama that he will remain onearthas long as Rama\'s name was venerated by people. Sita accorded Hanuman that desire, and granted that his image would be installed at various public places, so he could listen to people chanting Rama\'s name. He is one of theimmortals(Chiranjivi) ofHinduism.[29]

Mahabharata[edit]

Hanuman is also considered to be the brother ofBhima, on the basis of their having the same father,Vayu. During thePandavas\' exile, he appears disguised as a weak and aged monkey to Bhima in order to subdue his arrogance. Bhima enters a field where Hanuman is lying with his tail blocking the way. Bhima, unaware of his identity, tells him to move it out of the way. Hanuman, incognito, refuses. Bhima then tries to move the tail himself but he is unable, despite his great strength. Realising he is no ordinary monkey, he inquires as to Hanuman\'s identity, which is then revealed. At Bhima\'s request, Hanuman is also said to have enlarged himself to demonstrate the proportions he had assumed in his crossing of the sea as he journeyed to Lanka and also said that when the war came, he would be there to protect thePandavas.

During the great battle ofKurukshetra,Arjunaentered the battlefield with a flag displaying Hanuman on hischariot.[29]The incident that led to this was an earlier encounter between Hanuman and Arjuna, wherein Hanuman appeared as a small talking monkey before Arjuna atRameshwaram, where Rama had built thegreat bridgeto cross over to Lanka to rescue Sita. Upon Arjuna\'s wondering aloud at Rama\'s taking the help of monkeys rather than building a bridge of arrows, Hanuman challenged him to build a bridge capable of bearing him alone; Arjuna, unaware of the vanara\'s true identity, accepted. Hanuman then proceeded to repeatedly destroy the bridges made by Arjuna, who decided to take his own life.Vishnuthen appeared before them both after originally coming in the form of atortoise, chiding Arjuna for his vanity and Hanuman for making Arjuna feel incompetent. As an act of penitence, Hanuman decided to help Arjuna by stabilizing and strengthening his chariot during the imminent great battle. After, the battle ofKurukshetrawas over,Krishnaasked Arjuna, that today you step down the chariot before me. After Arjuna got down, Krishna followed him and thanked Hanuman for staying with them during the whole fight in the form of a flag on the chariot. Hanuman came in his original form, bowed to Krishna and left the flag, flying away into the sky. As soon as he left the flag, the chariot began to burn and turned into ashes. Arjuna was shocked to see this, then Krishna told Arjuna, that the only reason his chariot was still standing was because of the presence of Himself and Hanuman, otherwise, it would have burnt many days ago due to effects of celestial weapons thrown at it in the war.

According to legend, Hanuman is one of the four people to have heard theBhagwad Gitafrom Krishna and seen his Vishvarupa (universal) form, the other three beingArjuna,SanjayaandBarbarika, son ofGhatotkacha.

Other texts[edit]Javanesewayangrepresentation of Hanuman.Hanuman is characterized as a celibate in most Indian texts. However, in the ThaiRamakien, Hanuman falls in love with the pretty mermaidSuvannamaccha[30]

Apart from Ramayana and Mahabharata, Hanuman is mentioned in several other texts. Some of these stories add to his adventures mentioned in the earlier epics, while others tell alternative stories of his life.

Paumacariya(also known asPauma ChariuorPadmacharit), theJainversion of Ramayana written by Vimalasuri, mentions Hanuman as aVidyadhara(a supernatural being), who is the son of Pavangati and Anjana Sundari. Anjana gives birth to Hanuman in a forest cave, after being banished by her in-laws. Her maternal uncle rescues her from the forest; while boarding hisvimana, Anjana accidentally drops her baby on a rock. However, the baby remains uninjured while the rock is shattered. The baby is raised in Hanuruha, his great uncle\'s island kingdom, from which Hanuman gets his name. In this version of Ramayana, Hanuman is not a celibate. He marries princess Anangakusuma, the daughter of Kharadushana and Ravana\'s sister Chandranakha. Ravana also presents Hanuman one of his nieces as a second wife. After becoming an ally ofSugriva, Hanuman acquires a hundred more wives. Hanuman is originally enraged at Rama for murdering his father-in-law Kharadushana. However, he becomes a supporter of Rama after meeting him and learning about Sita\'s kindapping by Ravana. He goes to Lanka on Rama\'s behalf, but is unable to convince Ravana to surrender. Ultimately, he joins Rama in the war against Ravana and performs several heroic deeds. After the victory and subsequent celebrations, both Rama and Hanuman become Jains and achieve salvation.[31]Later Jain texts such asUttarapurana(9th century CE) by Gunabhadra andAnjana-Pavananjaya(12th century CE) repeat the same story with some modifications.

Brahma Puranamentions that the vanaras built several ShivalingamsinKishkindha. After his return to Ayodhya, Rama asks Hanuman to destroy these lingams, as they are no longer required. However, when Hanuman is unable to uproot these lingams, Rama orders them to worshipped permanently. TheSkanda Puranamentions a variant of this story, which happens inRameswaram.[32]TheNarada Puranadescribes Hanuman as a master of vocal music, and as an embodiment of the combined power of Shiva and Vishnu.

The 16th-century Indian poetTulsidaswroteHanuman Chalisa, a devotional song dedicated to Hanuman. He claimed to have visions where he met face to face with Hanuman. Based on these meetings, he wroteRamcharitmanas, anAwadhi languageversion of Ramayana.[33]TheSankat Mochan Hanuman Temple (Varanasi)is said to be located on the spot where Tulsidas had these visions. The works of Tulsidas played an important role in increasing the popularity of Hanuman worship in North India.

Another legend mentions that Hanuman, also called Launkra Bir, was at the guard of cave entrance, whereVaishno Deviwas meditating for nine months, before she came out of cave. There is a stream calledBan Ganga(Banliterally means an arrow ), where Devi used her arrow to take out a stream of water from the hill, to quench the thirst of Hanuman, when he became thirsty. Hanuman also fought withBhairavbefore Vaishno Devi asked him to leave Bhairav to her.[citation needed]

Durga Chalisamentions that Hanuman leads the procession of the ferocious lion-ridingBhavani, who holds a sword and cupel in the hands, evenKalaflees in panic when he sees youDurgain this form ofKali.[citation needed]

The non-Indian versions of Ramayana, such as the ThaiRamakien, mention that Hanuman had relationships with multiple women, including Svayamprabha, Benjakaya (Vibhisana\'s daughter),Suvannamacchaand even Ravana\'s wifeMandodari.[4]According to theseversions of the Ramayana,Macchanuis son of Hanuman borne by Suvannamaccha, daughter ofRavana.[34][35][36]The Jain textPaumacariyaalso mentions that Hanuman married Lankasundari, the daughter of Lanka\'s chief defender Bajramukha.[37]Another legend says that a demigod named Matsyaraja (also known asMakardhwajaor Matsyagarbha) claimed to be his son. Matsyaraja\'s birth is explained as follows: a fish (matsya) was impregnated by the drops of Hanuman\'s sweat, while he was bathing in the ocean.[4]

Prophecy and legacy[edit]Hanuman as depicted inYakshagana, popular folk art ofKarnataka

A number of religious leaders have claimed to have seen Hanuman over the course of the centuries, notablyMadhvacharya(13th century CE),Tulsidas(16th century),Samarth Ramdas(17th century),Raghavendra Swami(17th century) andSwami Ramdas(20th century).

Swaminarayan, founder of the Hindu Swaminarayan sects (includingBAPS), holds that other than worship of God through the Narayana Kavacha, Hanuman is the only deity who may be worshiped in the event of trouble by evil spirits.

Others have also asserted his presence wherever the Ramayana is read.[38]

यत्र यत्र रघुनाथकीर्तनं तत्र तत्र मारुतिं नमत राक्षसान्तकम् ॥

yatra yatra raghunāthakīrtanaṃ tatra tatra kṛta mastakāñjalim mārutiṃ namata rākṣasāntakam ॥

“Bow down to Hanumān, who is the slayer of demons, and who is present with head bowed and eyes full of flowing tears wherever the fame of Rāma is sung.”

This can be found in other texts such as theVinaya PatrikabyTulsidasand theMahabharta, and in other texts with only slight variation in language. During the readings of theRamayana(Ramayanpath), a specialpujaand space (asan) are reserved for Hanuman.

Temples[edit]

Hanuman is worshipped by villagers as a boundary guardian, byShaivaascetics as aYogi, and by wrestlers for his strength.[39]There are numerous temples for Hanuman, and his images are usually installed at all temples where images of avatars ofVishnuare installed.Hanuman templesare believed to keep the area and surroundings free ofrakshasas(demons) and other evil beings. Hanuman idols are found on mountain roads because it is believed that he protects people from accidents.

Jakhu templeis a famous temple atShimla, the capital ofHimachal Pradesh. The word \"Jakhu\" is derived from \"Yaku\"/\"Yaksha\". The hill is the legendary abode of Yaksha, Kinners Nagas and Asuras. The temple was founded on a plain where, according to legend, Hanuman\'s sudden landing flattened a hill. A 108-foot (33-metre) statue of Hanuman has been erected at the top of the 8,500-foot (2,591-metre) tall Jakhu Hill, the highest point inShimla.[40]

According to theRamayana, during the battle between Lord Rama and Ravana at Lanka, Lakshmana, brother of Lord Rama, was mortally wounded by an arrow. To save his life, Hanuman journeyed to the Himalayas to retrieve theSanjeevaniherb. En route, he encountered a meditating sage on Jakhu mountain; as he paused to inquire about the herb, Hanuman\'s landing on the mountain compressed the earth, changing the shape of the mountain to its present state. In his haste to depart, Hanuman is said to have left his friends behind, and they are said to continue to roam the area even today. A temple honoring Lord Hanuman was constructed by the Jakhu sage.

The oldest known independent Hanuman statue is the one atKhajuraho, which has an inscription dated Sam. 940 (AD 883) mentioning that it was erected by Gahil\'s son Gollak.[41][42]

Sankat Mochan Shri Hanuman Mandir, located in thePunjabtown ofPhillauris one of the popular temples of Hanuman.Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple, Varanasi, believed to be built byTulsidas, is second most popular temple in the city.

NamakkalAnjaneyar temple is located in the town ofNamakkal,Tamil Nadu. There is an 18-feet idol of Sri Hanuman in the temple facing east, worshipping Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swami (one of the avatar of god Vishnu) in this temple. Anjenayar idol isSwayambu, keep growing in height thus, temple has no roof enclosing.

• AHanuman langursitting next to aHanumanstatue, near Arbuda Devi Temple,Mount Abu,Rajasthan

• A temple to Hanuman nearNuwara EliyainSri Lanka

• The tallest Hanuman, 85 feetMurtioutside ofIndia, located inTrinidad and Tobago

• 36 Ft Single Stone Hanuman statue at Mounagiri Global Trust,Anantapur class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.1em; vertical-align: top; display: inline-block; zoom: 1; width: 155px;\">

  Hanuman statue at Paritala

• The Kashtbanjan Hanuman idol atShri Hanuman Mandir, Sarangpuris one of the temple noted for getting rid of evil spirits.

• ShriBhaktha Anjaneyar

• Lord Hanuman statue at Tagarapuvalasa inVisakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh

SholinghurSri Yoga Narasimha swami temple and Sri Yoga Anjaneyar temple, located in Sholinghur, a town which is about 30km fromArakkonamofVellore District.Sri yoga Anjaneyar temple located over small hill containing 480 steps from ground. Lord Anjaneyar with Sathurpujam (sathur=four, pujam=arms) Sri Sangu and Sri Chakaram 2 hands and Jabba Malai and Jaba Shankaram in other two respectively facing Sri yoga Narasimha swami and Yoga Amurthavalli Thayar present over hill(periya malai= big hill)with 1305 steps from ground. Sholinghur shetram one among 108 divya desams also one of most famous temple of our Lord Anjaneya.

Ragigudda Anjaneya templeis a Hanuman temple located in JP Nagar Bangalore. The temple is located on a hillock.

The Hanuman temple at Nerul, Navi Mumbai,Maharashtra,Indiais situated inside SIES complex. The Hanuman idol is 33 feet (10m) tall and is installed on a pedestal of height 12 feet (4m), bringing the total height to 45 feet (14m). In the picture shown, Hanuman has silver coverings (Silver Kavasam). The 33 feet Hanuman idol is carved out of single granite stone. This is the tallest single granite stone Hanuman idol in India as per the temple.

Similarly, a 32 feet (10m) idol of Sri Anjaneyar was entrenched in 1989 atNanganallurin Chennai,India. The distinguishing factor of the idol is that it was molded out of a single rock.

An 85-foot (26m)Karya Siddhi Hanumanstatue was installed atCarapichaimainTrinidad and Tobago, by Avadhoota Dattapeetham\'s Pontiff Ganapathy Sachchidananda. It is the tallest in the Western hemisphere and second tallest in the world. One has also built a Karya Siddhi Hanuman Temple in Frisco, Texas in the U.S.

The tallest Hanuman statue is theVeera Abhaya Anjaneya Hanuman Swami, standing 135 feet tall at Paritala 240km from Hyderabad in Andhra Pradesh, installed in 2003.[43]

The image of Hanuman is said to have come alive and moved when installed at theShri Hanuman Mandir, Sarangpur. The temple is noted for getting rid of evil spirits.[44]

Suchindram temple is a pious place lying about 14km from Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu. The temple is famous for it 18 feet tall Hanuman idol. This idol is decorated fully with butter (Vennai kappu in Tamil) and Sandalwood paste (Chandana kappu in Tamil). This is being done by the devotees for fulfillment of their wishes. Further, garland prepared out of Vada is one of the offerings to the deity.

In Rajasthan,Hanuman Temples at Mehendipur Balaji in Dausa district (80km from Jaipur) and Salasar dhaam in Churu district(160km from Jaipur)attract a large number of devotees from allover India. [{Chandraloak Devpuri Balaji}] is located in Dugana 17 km from Laharpur district-sitapur,UttarPradesh

ShriBhaktha Anjaneyaris Temple is located in Vedasandur, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu.

Kaviyooris a small village about 5–6km from the town of Thiruvalla, Kerala TheKaviyoor Mahadevar Templehere is about 100 years old and The Hanuman temple inside the Shiva temple is considered as very auspicious by devotees. Hanuman idol consecrated here is made of Panchaloha and is depicting him telling the story of Ramayana to Sita in the Asoka Vana

Worship[edit]This articlemay containoriginal research.Pleaseimprove itbyverifyingthe claims made and addinginline citations. Statements consisting only of original research may be removed.(April 2012)

Some of the prayers, songs,mantras,shlokas, devoted to Hanuman includeHanuman Chalisa,Bajranga Baan,Maruti Strotam,Anjaneya Dandakam,Vadvanal Strotam,Hanuman Sathhika,Hanuman Bahuk,Hanuman Dwadesha,Bhimrupi Strotam,Sundara Kanda,Maruti Gayatri Mantra,Hanumansahasranam stotra(Stotraof thousand names of Hanuman),Ek-mukhi Hanuman Raksha Kavacham,Pancha-mukhi Hanuman Raksha KavachamandSapta-mukhi Hanuman Raksha Kavacham.

\"Rama Raksha Strotam\", theSanskritStrota, a Shield ofRamahas lines devoted to Hanuman, saying, whoever, reads this, will be protected by Hanuman.

Panchamukha Hanuman[edit]Aterracottasculpture of Panchamukha Hanuman

Hanuman assumed Panchamukha or five-faced form to killAhiravana, a powerfulrakshasablack-magician and practitioner of the dark arts during theRamayanawar. Ahiravana, brother ofRavana, had taken LordRamaandLakshmanato netherworld as captive, and the only way to kill him was to extinguish five lamps burning in different directions, all at the same instant. Hanuman assumed HisPanchamukhaform and accomplished the task, thus killing therakshasa, and freeingRamaandLakshmana.
This form of Hanuman is very popular, and is also known as Panchamukha Anjaneya and Panchamukhi Anjaneya. (Anjaneya, which means \"son of Anjana\", is another name of Hanuman). These faces show there is nothing in the world which does not come under any the influence of any of the five faces, symbolic of his all around security to all devotees. This also signifies vigilance and control over the five directions - north, south, east, west and the upward direction/zenith.

There are five ways of prayer, Naman, Smaran, Keerthanam, Yachanam and Arpanam. The five faces depict these five forms. Lord Hanuman always used to Naman, Smaran and Keerthanam of Lord Sri Rama. He totally surrendered (Arpanam) to his Master Sri Rama. He also begged (yachanam) Sri Rama to bless him the undivided love.

The weapons are aparashu, aKhanda, achakra, adhaalam, agada, atrishula, akumbha, aKatar, a plate filled with blood and again a bigGada.

Chitrakootin Central India is claimed to be the resting place of Hanuman. The Hanuman Dhara Temple is situated on the peak of mountain where there is natural rock formation image of Shri Hanuman inside the cave and a natural stream of water falling on the tail. It is believed that after the coronation of LordRama, Hanuman requested for a permanent place to settle in the Kingdom of Lord Rama, where his Injury of burns on his tails will be cured. Lord Rama, then with his arrow, spurred a stream of water on the tip of mountain and asked Hanuman to rest there with water of the stream falling on his tail to cool down burning sensation in his tail. The access to the cave temple is through stairs starting from bottom of the mountain to its top. It takes roughly 30 to 40 minutes to reach the temple. Over time the temple has gained a new name, namely Hanuman Dhara.[citation needed]

SriPanchamukhaAnjaneya Swami was the main deity of SriRaghavendra Swami. Thewhere he meditatedon this five-faced form of Hanuman is now known asPanchamukhi, wherein a temple for him has been built. There is also a shrine for Panchamukha Anjaneya Swami atKumbakonaminTamil Nadu,India. A 40 feet (12m) tall monolithic green granitemurtiof Sri Panchamukha Hanuman has been installed inThiruvallur, also in Tamil Nadu. This place was known as Rudravanam in olden times when many saints and seers had blessed this place with their presence. The Panchamukha Hanuman Ashram itself was established by a saint called Venkatesa Battar.[citation needed]A four foot image of Panchmukha Hanuman has been consecrated West of Lusaka, Zambia in Oye Kapi farm.

Relation with Shani[edit]Part of a series onVaishnavism(sanatana-dharma)Dharma (Religion):Sanatana dharma (Eternal religion)Supreme Personality of Godhead:

Lord Vishnu
• Lord Krishna
• Lord Rama
• Lord Narayana

Vishnu tattva (Avataras):Dashavatara (10 avataras of Vishnu)

Matsya
• Kurma
• Varaha
• Narasimha
• Vamana
• Parasurama
• Rama
• Krishna
• Balarama/Buddha
• Kalki

Other Avataras

Mohini
• Nara-Narayana
• Hayagriva

Related Personalities

Lakshmi
• Sita
• Radharani
• Hanuman
• Shesha

Vaishnava Scriptures and Philosophy:

Vedas
• Vedanta
• Upanishads
• Bhagavad Gita
• Mahabharata
• Ramayana
• Divya Prabandha
• Vishnu Purana
• Bhagavata Purana
• Nāradeya Purana
• Garuda Purana
• Padma Purana
• Agni Purana

Sampradayas (authentic disciplic successions):

Sri(Vishishtadvaita)
• Rudra(Shuddhadvaita)
• Nammalvar
• Yamunacharya
• Ramanuja Acharya
• Madhva Acharya
• Vyasatirtha
• Jayatirtha
• Raghavendra Swami
• Lord Chaitanya
• Lord Nityananda
• Vallabha Acharya
• Srimanta Sankardev
• Srimanta Madhavdev
• Nimbarka Acharya
• Pillai Lokacharya
• His Divine Grace A.C.Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
• Vedanta Desika
• Manavala Mamunigal

Related traditions:

Bhagavatism
• ISKCON
• Swaminarayan
• Ekasarana
• Pranami
• Ramanandi
• Hare Krishna Maha-Mantra
• Om Namo Bhagavate Vasudevaya
• Om Namo Narayana
• Gayatri mantra
• Pancha-Tattva mantra

Hinduism portal

• v
• t
• e

In Hinduism, Hanuman is one of the few deities not afflicted byShani.[45]Hanuman is the one of the deities in Hindu religion, over whom Shani could not cast his spell. Shani could not overcome Hanuman and as such people worship Hanuman to get rid of malefic effects of Shani.

In theRamayana, Hanuman is said to have rescued Shani, from the clutches ofRavana.[46]

In gratitude, Shani promised Hanuman that those who prayed him (Hanuman) would be rescued from the painful effects of Saturn, which in Hindu astrology, is said to produce malefic effects on one\'s life when one is afflicted \"negatively\" with Saturn.[46]

Another version of the encounter between Lord Hanuman and Shani Bhagavan is that the latter once climbed on to Lord Hanuman\'s shoulder, implying that he (Hanuman) was coming under the effects of the influence of Shani. At this, Hanuman assumed a large size, and Shani was caught painfully between Hanuman\'s shoulders and the ceiling of the room they were in. As the pain was unbearable, Shani requested Hanuman to release him, promising that he (Shani) would moderate the malefic effects of his influence on a person praying to Hanuman. Hanuman released Shani thereafter.[47]

In the verse with a thousand Names of Hanuman theHanumansahasranam stotra, Shani is one of the Names of Hanuman. In some regions of India, Hanuman is also seen sporting an iron whip akin to Shani.

Hanuman and negative energies[edit]

Hanuman is worshiped also to get rid or win over demons (likedaitya,danava), demi-gods evil spirits and other powerful negative energies (likeDakini,Shakini,Kakini,Kamini), which find their mention style=\"font-size: small; font-family: Arial; \">

---